解决方案 · 问渠轴承Solutions · WenQuest Bearing
给轴承厂的设计校核软件。问渠轴承在浏览器里用，不用安装。填尺寸、钢球、沟道和载荷，当场算出每个钢球的载荷、接触应力、接触椭圆、工作游隙、油膜和故障频率，逐项给出结论，导出计算书。右边就是软件本身。Design checks for bearing makers. WenQuest Bearing runs in the browser; nothing to install. Enter the sizes, balls, grooves and loads, and it works out the load on every ball, contact stress, contact ellipse, operating clearance, oil film and fault frequencies, gives each a verdict and exports the calculation report. On the right is the software itself.
演示免登录，项目存在你自己的浏览器里，也可以存成文件。No sign-in for the demo: projects stay in your own browser, or save them as a file.
径向力、轴向力和力矩一起作用时，按内外圈的相对位移解出每个钢球的载荷和工作接触角；深沟球轴承按装配和温差后的工作游隙计算。With radial force, axial force and moment acting together, the relative displacement of the rings gives each ball’s load and operating contact angle; deep groove bearings are worked at the operating clearance after fitting and temperature.
赫兹点接触用椭圆积分精确求解，给出最大接触应力和接触椭圆；检查椭圆是否越过挡肩；按 Hamrock–Dowson 公式算最小油膜厚度和 λ。Hertz point contact solved exactly with elliptic integrals gives the peak contact stress and the contact ellipse; the ellipse is checked against the shoulder; Hamrock–Dowson gives the minimum film thickness and λ.
许用应力、最小壁厚等限值由企业按自己的标准填写；没有限值或缺数据的项显示“未知”，不会判为合格。额定载荷和寿命等国家标准正文录入后再算。Limits such as allowed stress and smallest wall come from your own standards; a check without its limit or data shows “unknown”, never a pass. Load ratings and life wait for the national standard texts to be entered.
示例尺寸和参数均为虚构，不是任何厂家或标准中的型号。Example sizes and data are fictional: not any maker’s or any standard’s bearing.
| 部分Part | 内容What it covers | 状态Status |
|---|---|---|
| 设计与校核（深沟球、角接触球）Design and checks (deep groove and angular contact ball bearings) | 钢球与沟道几何；静力学载荷分布（每个钢球的载荷和接触角）；赫兹接触应力与接触椭圆；接触椭圆是否越过挡肩；初始 → 装配 → 温差的游隙链；油膜厚度与 λ；故障特征频率；剖面图与计算书Ball and groove geometry; static load distribution (load and contact angle of every ball); Hertz contact stress and the contact ellipse; whether the ellipse runs over the shoulder; the clearance chain from initial to mounted to operating; film thickness and λ; fault frequencies; section drawing and calculation report | 已上线Online |
| 典型应用场景Typical applications | 减速器齿轮轴、电机转子、机床主轴、汽车轮毂、机器人关节、凸轮轴：由设备参数算出轴承上的力，多工况载荷谱，一圈内变化的力；静强度与疲劳分开判Gearbox shafts, motor rotors, machine tool spindles, wheel hubs, robot joints, camshafts: the bearing loads worked out from the machine data, load spectra, forces that change round the turn; static strength and fatigue judged separately | 已上线Online |
| 额定载荷与寿命Load ratings and life | 按 GB/T 6391、GB/T 4662 与 ISO 16281 计算；标准正文购买并录入前，结果显示“未知”Following GB/T 6391, GB/T 4662 and ISO 16281; until the purchased standard texts are entered, these show “unknown” | 接下来Coming next |
| 圆柱滚子轴承Cylindrical roller bearings | 切片法算沿滚子长度的接触应力；滚子凸度（圆弧、直线加圆弧、实测点表）；内外圈倾斜；两端是否受载Contact stress along the roller by slices; roller crown (arc, flat with arcs, measured points); ring misalignment; whether the roller ends take load | 已上线Online |
| 圆锥滚子轴承（单列）Tapered roller bearings (one row) | 滚子的受力平衡（外圈、内圈、挡边）、沿滚子长度的接触应力、挡边力与挡边接触应力Roller equilibrium (cup, cone, rib), contact stress along the roller, rib force and rib contact stress | 已上线Online |
| 圆锥滚子轴承：成对与预紧Tapered roller bearings: pairs and preload | 背对背、面对面成对，或轴两端各一个；按安装时调的轴向游隙（或预紧力）算两列各分担多少、预紧是否够、刚度，画调整量曲线；计入配合和工作温度（轴与座的热伸长、内外圈温差）后的工作时游隙；不用目录的 Y 值Back to back, face to face, or one at each end of the shaft; from the end play (or preload) set at mounting: what each row carries, whether the preload holds, stiffness, and an end play sweep; the end play at work after fits and heat (shaft against housing, ring temperatures); no catalogue Y factors | 已上线Online |
| 角接触球轴承：高速与成对预紧Angular contact ball bearings: speed and paired preload | 离心力下内外圈接触角分开；背对背、面对面、串联成对安装与预紧，两列受力、预紧是否够、轴向与径向刚度Inner and outer contact angles split by centrifugal force; back-to-back, face-to-face and tandem pairs with preload: the load on each row, whether the preload holds, axial and radial stiffness | 已上线Online |
| 谐波减速器柔性轴承Harmonic reducer flexible bearings | 内圈按凸轮形状变形（余弦形、椭圆或给点），外圈按薄圆环弯曲；算各钢球载荷与接触应力、内圈弯曲应力、外圈每转两次的交变应力幅；柔轮啮合区载荷由企业给；FreeCAD 里画出装配变形The inner ring takes the cam's shape (cosine, ellipse or points), the outer ring bends as a thin ring: ball loads and contact stresses, the inner ring's bending stress, the outer ring's stress amplitude twice per turn; the flexspline's meshing load is yours to give; the mounted shape in FreeCAD | 已上线Online |
| 交叉滚子轴承Crossed roller bearings | V 形沟道里正反交替的圆柱滚子：按预紧（径向游隙）算每个滚子的载荷与沿长度的接触应力、预紧是否脱开、轴向 / 径向 / 倾覆刚度和预紧量曲线；机器人关节单轴承支承时悬臂载荷按力矩计入；三维与 FreeCAD 装配Cylindrical rollers alternating in V grooves: from the preload (radial clearance), each roller's load and the stress along it, whether the preload holds, axial, radial and tilting stiffness, a preload sweep; a robot joint on one bearing takes the overhung load as a moment; 3D and the FreeCAD assembly | 已上线Online |
| 薄壁轴承Thin-section bearings | 机器人关节用的四点接触（X）、角接触（A，可成对）、深沟（C）薄壁轴承：钢球作为自由体，算每个接触点的载荷与接触应力、预紧是否脱开、接触椭圆是否越过挡肩和桃形沟中线、轴向 / 径向 / 倾覆刚度和预紧量曲线；三维与 FreeCAD 装配Four-point (X), angular (A, also in pairs) and radial (C) thin-section bearings for robot joints: the balls free, each contact's load and stress, whether the preload holds, the ellipse against the shoulders and the gothic arch's middle, axial, radial and tilting stiffness, a preload sweep; 3D and the FreeCAD assembly | 已上线Online |
| 产品库Product catalogue | 企业把自己的产品目录表格导入本单位云端（只本单位可见），导入时按固定规则核对、列出疑似错误；选型号自动填外形尺寸，目录额定载荷只作厂家值显示Your own catalogue workbook in your company's cloud space (yours only), checked by fixed rules on import with suspected errors listed; pick a model to fill the outside sizes, the catalogue ratings shown as the maker's figures | 已上线Online |
| 游隙尺寸链与滚动体工艺Clearance chain and rolling element process | 由沟径、球径、沟曲率半径的偏差算游隙、接触角、轴向游隙和端面凸出量的范围：极值法、统计法、蒙特卡洛并列，给各尺寸的影响；钢球与滚子的工序链和工序尺寸倒推；圆锥滚子轴承分开填 T、B、CFrom the deviations of the groove and ball diameters and groove radii: the range of clearance, contact angle, axial play and standout by extremes, statistics and Monte Carlo, with each size's share; process chains for balls and rollers worked back; tapered bearings with T, B and C | 已上线Online |
| 合套选配Selective assembly | 按实测的内外圈沟径和钢球分组逐件配对：配成套数最多、游隙靠近目标；与分组配套对照，列出配不上的件和原因Measured raceway diameters and ball groups matched piece by piece: the most sets, clearances nearest the target; compared with size classes, with the leftovers and why | 已上线Online |
| 检测与 SPCInspection and SPC | 沟道圆度与波纹度的谐波分析；均值–极差、均值–标准差、单值–移动极差控制图，Nelson 八条判异，Cp、Cpk、Pp、PpkHarmonic analysis of raceway roundness and waviness; mean–range, mean–s and individuals charts, Nelson's eight tests, Cp, Cpk, Pp, Ppk | 已上线Online |
| 零件图与三维Part drawings and 3D | 内圈、外圈、滚动体截面图与 DXF，整套与单件 STEP（由程序直接写出，经 OpenCASCADE 核对体积）Sections of the rings and rolling elements with DXF, STEP of the bearing and of each part (written directly, volumes checked with OpenCASCADE) | 已上线Online |
| 工艺路线与工序卡Process routes and operation sheets | 内外圈工序链（车削、热处理、磨削、超精……可增删）；按成品尺寸和企业自己的留量倒推每道工序尺寸，算最小与最大留量（含上道公差、热处理波动与变形），可打印的工序卡；软件不给默认值Ring operation chains (turning, heat treatment, grinding, superfinishing… edit freely); each operation size worked back from the finished part with your own allowances, smallest and largest stock (with the preceding tolerance, heat-treatment scatter and distortion), printable operation sheets; no default values | 已上线Online |
| FreeCAD 工作台FreeCAD workbench | 在 FreeCAD 1.1 里填参数（与网页版同样的字段、通用的项目文件）、校核（同一个内核，结果逐项相同）、建精确实体与整套装配、查干涉、出零件工作图和每道磨削工序的工序简图In FreeCAD 1.1: the same fields and project files as the web app, the same checks (one kernel, identical results), exact solids and the assembled bearing, an interference check, working drawings and a sketch for every grinding operation | 已上线Online |
| 云端项目与 AI 起草Cloud projects and AI drafts | 开通的企业把设计项目和工艺模板存到云端，同单位共用、留 20 版、不互相覆盖；AI 用一句话起草应用场景、解释校核结果、起草设计说明，数字逐个由代码核对，人点“采用”才进项目Activated companies keep design projects and process templates in the cloud, shared, 20 versions kept, no overwriting; AI drafts the application from one sentence, explains the checks and drafts the design description, every number checked by code, adopted only by a person | 已上线Online |
算法依据 Harris 与 Kotzalas《Rolling Bearing Analysis》、Johnson《Contact Mechanics》、Hamrock 与 Dowson《Ball Bearing Lubrication》；每个计算模块带标准题，和闭式解或公开公式对照。Methods follow Harris and Kotzalas, Rolling Bearing Analysis; Johnson, Contact Mechanics; Hamrock and Dowson, Ball Bearing Lubrication; every module carries standard problems checked against closed forms or published formulas.